A Battery Management System (BMS) is an electronic system that manages and monitors the charging and discharging of rechargeable batteries, such as those used in electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and renewable energy systems.
The primary function of a BMS is to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the battery pack by monitoring its state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), and state of function (SOF). It also helps to prevent overcharging or undercharging of the batteries, which can cause damage or reduce the battery's lifespan.
BMS typically includes various sensors, microprocessors, and software algorithms to control the battery charging and discharging processes. It can also include safety features like over-voltage protection, under-voltage protection, over-current protection, and over-temperature protection, which help to ensure the safety of the battery and its surroundings.
Overall, a BMS is an essential component in modern energy storage systems, and it helps to maximize the performance and lifespan of rechargeable batteries while ensuring safety and reliability.